| Item type |
紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) |
| 公開日 |
2010-02-05 |
| タイトル |
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タイトル |
Recent Research Progress in the Applied Microbiology Laboratory : Enzymes, Toxins and Cell-Envelope Structure of Environmental and Pathogenic Bacteria(Recent Topics of the Agricultunal Biological Science in Tohoku University) |
| 言語 |
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言語 |
eng |
| 資源タイプ |
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資源タイプ識別子 |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
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資源タイプ |
departmental bulletin paper |
| 著者 |
ABE, Naoki
ITOH, Yoshifumi
KANEKO, Jun
KOJIMA, Seiji
FUKUDA, Mutsumi
YAMADA, Kazuteru
|
| 抄録 |
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内容記述タイプ |
Abstract |
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内容記述 |
Here we describe the current status of our studies of xylanases of Paenibacillus sp. W-61, poly (D-lactic acid) hydrolases of Amycolatopsis sp. K104-1 and Brevibacterium sp. 93, pectin lyase of plant pathogenic Pectobacterium carotovora and bi-component toxins of Staphylococcus aureus. Paenibacillus sp. W-61 utilizes xylan as a carbon source via three enzymes, of which Xyn5 plays a crucial role both in xylan utilization and in the synthesis of the other two xylanases. Understanding the roles of each xylanase in xylan degradation will help to develop an enzymatic preparation of xylose from xylan. The poly (D-lactic acid) [PLA] hydrolases of Amycolatopsis sp. K104-1 and Brevibacterium sp. 93 appear to be novel enzymes with potential for PLA recycling. We recently purified and characterized the PLA hydrolases produced by these bacteria. The plant-soft rotting bacterium P. carotovora produces pectin lyase, a potential pathogenic factor, and a bacteriocin when exposed to DNA-damaging agents. We recently determined the cis-acting regulatory sequences responsible for the DNA-damage-inducible synthesis of the enzyme and bacteriocin. Leukocidin and γ-hemolysin are bi-component toxins that lyse leukocytes and erythrocytes respectively. We describe the molecular structure and pore-forming mechanism of the toxin components encoded by the chromosome and by a phage genome. Finally, we briefly describe the cell-envelope structure of the rumen bacterium Selenomonas ruminantium and its outer membrane protein Mep45 that possibly bridges the outer membrane and the peptidoglycan. The objects of our studies include environmental bacteria (xylanolytic Paenibacillus sp. W-61 and poly (D-lactic acid)-hydrolyzing bacteria Amycolatopsis sp. K104-1 and Brevibacterium sp. 93), as well as the plant and animal pathogens, Pectobacterium carotovora and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Here we briefly describe the current status of our investigations into these bacteria, their extracellular enzymes (or toxins), and an outer membrane protein in the rumen bacterium Selenomonas ruminantium subsp. lactilytica. Our research also includes polyglutamate biosynthesis and the degradation enzymes of a Bacillus subtilis Natto starter, acetan (a polysaccharide produced by Acetobacter and Gluconobacter)-degrading enzymes of Paenibacillus sp. and catabolic enzymes of amino acid and polyamine in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAOl. The topics of these projects are available on our Web site. |
| 書誌情報 |
Tohoku journal of agricultural research
巻 58,
号 3/4,
p. 157-166,
発行日 2008-03
|
| ISSN |
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収録物識別子タイプ |
ISSN |
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収録物識別子 |
0040-8719 |
| 書誌レコードID |
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収録物識別子タイプ |
NCID |
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収録物識別子 |
AA0086391X |
| フォーマット |
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内容記述タイプ |
Other |
|
内容記述 |
application/pdf |
| 著者版フラグ |
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出版タイプ |
VoR |
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出版タイプResource |
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
| 出版者 |
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出版者 |
Faculty of Agriculture, Tohoku University |
| 資源タイプ |
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内容記述タイプ |
Other |
|
内容記述 |
紀要類 |
| 登録日 |
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|
日付 |
2010-02-05 |
|
日付タイプ |
Created |
| 公開日（投稿完了日） |
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|
日付 |
2010-02-05 |
|
日付タイプ |
Created |
| 発行日 |
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|
日付 |
2008-03 |
|
日付タイプ |
Created |
| フォーマット |
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内容記述タイプ |
Other |
|
内容記述 |
776648 bytes |
| 著者所属 |
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|
値 |
Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University / Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University / Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University / Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University / Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University / Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University |
| 更新日 |
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|
日付 |
2010-02-05 |
|
日付タイプ |
Created |
KJ00005127321.pdf (776.6 kB)
